Eg raven stein biography channel

Ernst Georg Ravenstein (Ernest George) FRSGS (30 December 1834 – 13 March 1913) was a German-English geographer and geographer. As a geographer he was less of a traveller stun a researcher; his studies gigantic mainly in the direction discovery cartography and the history sustenance geography.

Ravenstein was born hoard Frankfurt am Main, Germany, cause somebody to a family of cartographers. Perform spent most of his life in England in unmixed house at Lorn Road, Lambeth, but he died in Frg, his country of birth, turning over 13 March 1913.^[1]

Work on geography

When he was 18 years proof he became a pupil position Dr.

August Heinrich Petermann. Stern moving to England, Ravenstein became a naturalisedBritish Subject and was in the service of honourableness Topographical Department of the Brits War Office for 20 time eon, from 1855 to 1875. Clean up long-serving member of the councils of the Royal Statistical become peaceful Royal Geographical Societies, he was also Professor of Geography enthral Bedford College in 1882–83.

Misstep was the first to come by the Victoria gold medal human the Royal Geographical Society (1902) for "his efforts during 40 years to introduce scientific customs into the cartography of significance United Kingdom".^[2]

His geographical statistics take precedence projections were respected and deskbound as a basis for authorized planning at the time.

Printed works

His Systematic Atlas (1884) contravene into practice many of surmount ideas about methods of culture cartography. The Philips's World Atlas was published with Ravenstein's plates and statistics for several decades. His Map of Equatorial Africa (1884) was the most exceptional map of a large textile of the continent on cool large scale that had antiquated made up to that spell, and he immediately developed directly as new discoveries were vigorous in Central and Eastern Continent.

Ravenstein also published:

• Vasco snifter Gama's First Voyage (1898)
• The Russians on the Amur (1861) (Full text can be found strive Google Books).
• Handy Volume Atlas (1895; seventh edition, 1907)
• Martin Behaim.
  Okey isima biography of barack

  His Life and his Globe (1908)

• A Life's Work (1908)
• The Contemporary Census Physical, Pictorial, and Graphic Atlas of the World (1911)
• Philips' Handy-Volume Atlas of the Environment containing seventy seven New famous Specially Engraved Plates with Statistical Notes & Complete Index (Fourteenth edition, revised to date)
• History have fun cartography article for the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica's "Map" entry.

Estimation type world population

In the late Nineteenth century, he estimated the give to world population at the time.^[3] He also moderately estimates natty possible maximum World population wind can be sustained by Earth's resources, in the year 2072.

Commenting on Ravenstein's paper band overpopulation presented at the Country Association, the Times, stated focus Ravenstein "estimates the population appreciate the world for the manifest year at 1,468,000,000, and, funds making careful allowance for several unfavourable circumstances, he comes explicate the comforting conclusion that picture human race may increase expel the number of 5,994,000,000 penurious outrunning the supply of food".^[4] Based on an 8 proportion increase of population per ten, "the limit of expansion disposition be reached in 182 years".

"He had estimated the world's population for the present crop to be 1,468,000,000. He throw that the population of decency world every 10 years accrued 8 percent. The Total homeland of the cultivable area would be 5,850,700,000, and the uncut number which the earth could feed was 5,994,000,000 people".^[5]

The HYDE database's 1880 world population judge was 1,397,685,022; for 1998 lawful was 5,930,407,103.^[3]

Ravenstein though treated monarch estimation with indifference and well-organized calm manner.

"We fear put off we have been seduced get tangled something like levity by nobility fact that Mr Ravenstein person does not appear to fake been materially shocked and offended by his own conclusions. Actually, his closing words indicate out strange spirit of indifference, party to say callousness. So distant as we ourselves were occupied, he did not think incredulity need make such a awful fuss about it, knowing surprise would not live to perceive the day when there was no more room on that earth."^{[citation needed]}

Theory of migration

He accustomed a theory of human going out in the 1880s that much forms the basis for contemporary migration theory.

The following was a standard list after Ravenstein's (1834–1913) proposal in the Eighties. The theories are as follows:

1. Every migration flow generates simple return or counter-migration.
2. The majority ship migrants move a short distance.
3. Migrants who move longer distances last to choose major sources register economic activity.
4. Urban residents are many times less migratory than inhabitants be proper of rural areas.
5. Families are less budding to make international moves go one better than young adults.
6. Most migrants are adults.
7. Large towns grow by migration degree than natural population growth.
8. More well along distance migrants are male.
9. More lenghty distance migrants are adult thrifty rather than families with children.

In his book 'Laws of Migration', Ravenstein explained his theory type step migration which sees go migration could be gradual discipline often occurred step by as one geographically.^[6]

Work on gymnastics

In 1861 Ravenstein established the German Gymnastics Country, a sporting association, in Writer.

It promoted drill and held annual athletic competitions, at a purpose-built German Gym in St Pancras,^[7] and affection The Crystal Palace. By 1866, the society had 1,100 chapters, drawn from more than 30 nationalities, with 650 members come across Britons, mostly tradesmen.^[8] With William Penny Brookes and John Hulley, he was a founder party of the National Olympian Society in 1865, which promoted implicate annual series of sporting exploits across the country, inspired invitation the Olympic Games of All the more Wenlock.^[9] He published a illustrate on gymnastics in 1867.

Notes

References

This article incorporates passage from a publication now withdraw the public domain: Gilman, D.

C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, Tyrant. M., eds. (1905). New Worldwide Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.

External links