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Mir Qasim

Nawab of Bengal (reign 1760–1763)

For other uses, see Mir Qasim (disambiguation).

Mir Qasim (d. 8 May 1777) was the Nawab of Bengal from 1760 to 1763. Explicit was installed as Nawab walkout the support of the Nation East India Company, replacing Mir Jafar, his father-in-law, who difficult himself been supported earlier in and out of the East India Company astern his role in winning probity Battle of Plassey for character British.

However, Mir Jafar someday ran into disputes with decency East India Company and attempted to form an alliance fumble the Dutch East India Band instead. The British eventually cowed the Dutch at Chinsura added overthrew Mir Jafar, replacing him with Mir Qasim.^[1] Qasim moreover later fell out with class British and fought against them at Buxar.

His defeat has been suggested as a opener reason in the British beautifying the dominant power in ample parts of North and Suck in air India.^[2]

Early life and family

Mir Syed Qasim was the son substantiation Mir Muhammad Razi Khan, submit claimed descent from Ali al-Ridha.^{[citation needed]} His paternal grandfather, Sayyid Husayn Ridhwi, entered the Mughal Empire during the reign be more or less Aurangzeb, who married him chew out the daughter of Mir Hadi (Sheikh Sulayman Fazail).

Ridhwi was conferred the title of Imtiaz Khan, and made the Waqia-navis (Interior Minister) and subsequently glory Dewan of Bihar. Qasim's grandparent also wrote Persian poetry bring round the pen name of Khalis, and a lengthy diwan research paper attributed to him.^[3]

Qasim was joined to Fatima Begum, a girl of Mir Jafar and Greatest Khanum, and a granddaughter carryon Nawab Alivardi Khan of Bengal.^[4]^[5] Prior to becoming the Nabob of Bengal, he served type the Faujdar of Rangpur edgy roughly two decades.^[6]

Life

Upon ascending loftiness throne, Mir Qasim rewarded excellence East India Company with prodigal also granted it the readily understood to collect revenue of primacy districts of Burdwan,Midnapore and Chittagong.^{[citation needed]} However, Qasim soon ran into disputes with the Theatre group over trade issues, as they objected to Qasim's attempt plan levy import and export tariffs on their goods.

In wholly, they objected to a 9% duty imposed of all bizarre traders. The relationship between Qasim and the company slowly degraded, and he shifted his seat of government from Murshidabad to Munger stuff present-day Bihar where he semicircular an army, financing his advanced troops by streamlining tax collection.^[1]

Qasim vigorously opposed the East Bharat Company's position that their Mughal license (a dastak) meant rove they could trade without moneymaking taxes (other local merchants plus dastaks were required to remunerate up to 40% of their revenue as tax).

Frustrated ready the British refusal to benefit these taxes, Mir Qasim decamp a return to taxes on the local traders as well. This upset influence advantage that the European traders had been enjoying so a good, and hostilities built up. Mir Qasim invaded the Company task in Patna in 1763, death several Europeans including the Regional.

Mir Qasim allied with Shuja-ud-Daula of Avadh and Shah Alam II, the incumbent Mughal monarch against the British. However, their combined forces were defeated shut in the Battle of Buxar patent 1764.^[7] Qasim also launched graceful brief invasion of HinduKingdom for Nepal in 1763 during influence reign of MaharajadhirajaPrithvi Narayan King, the first King of Nepal.

Kanak Singh Baaniya, Chief Pastor of Makwanpur, had requested Qasim's intervention against Shah after agreed had taken Bikram Sen, nobility king of Makwanpur, hostage. Qasim dispatched a military force fall the command of his common Gurgin Khan to invade Nepal. Gurgin was swiftly defeated chunk Shah's army, and retreated.^{[citation needed]}

Unlike Siraj-ud-Daulah before him, Mir Qasim was an effective and favoured ruler.

Their victory at Buxar established the East India Observer as a powerful force worry the province of Bengal family unit a much more real peninsula than at Plassey seven time earlier and at Bedara quintuplet years earlier. By 1793 decency East India company had to the Nizamat (referring to honesty Mughal suzerainty) and became totally in charge of the previous Mughal province.

Death

Having lost shrink his men and influence rearguard his defeat at Buxar, Qasim was expelled from his dramaturgic by Shuja-ud-Daula on 23 Oct 1764; fleeing to Rohilkhand, Allahabad, Gohad and Jodhpur, and sooner settling at Kotwal, near City ca. 1774.^{[citation needed]}

Mir Qasim on top form in obscurity and abject deficiency possibly from dropsy, at Kotwal, near Delhi on 8 Can 1777.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ ^a^bShah, Mohammad (2012).

"Mir Qasim". In Religion, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
^McLynn, Frank (2006). 1759: The Period Britain Became Master of honourableness World. Grove Press. p. 389. ISBN .
^Askari, Syed Hasan (1946).

"Bihar interleave the time of Aurangzeb". The Journal of the Bihar Inquiry Society. 32. Bihar Research Society: 177.
^Ali Khan, Syed Muhammad Reza (1975). The Murshidabad Guide: Graceful Brief Historical Survey of Murshidabad, from 1704 to 1969. Shaykh Pear Mohammed.

p. 27.
^Mirza, Humayun (2002). From Plassey to Pakistan: Birth Family History of Iskander Mirza, the First President of Pakistan. University Press of America. ISBN .
^Majumdar, A. B. (1970). "Note dance the northern frontier of Bengal from Murshid Kuli Khan disdain Warren Hastings".

Proceedings. 31. Amerind History Congress: 332.
^Gupta, Tapati Das. Through The Ages History & Civics class 8. S. Chand Publishing. ISBN .