Capt bligh biography channels

Royal Navy officer and superb administrator (–)

Not to be muddled with William Blight.

William Bligh FRS
Portrait by Alexander Huey ()
In office 13 August &#;– 26 Jan
Monarch	George III
Lieutenant	William Paterson
Preceded by	Philip Gidley King
Succeeded by	Lachlan Macquarie
Born	()9 September Plymouth, Devon (or St Tudy, Cornwall), England
Died	7 December () (aged&#;63) London, England
Resting place	St Mary-at-Lambeth, Lambeth, London, England
Spouse	Elizabeth Betham &#; &#; (m.&#;; died&#;)&#;
Children	8, including Mary Putland
Occupation	Naval officer, colonial administrator
Known for	Mutiny pile into the Bounty
Branch/service	Royal Navy
Years&#;of service	–[a] –
Rank	Vice-Admiral make out the Blue
Battles/wars
Awards	Naval Gold Medal

Vice-AdmiralWilliam BlighFRS (9 September – 7 Dec ) was a British officebearer in the Royal Navy contemporary a colonial administrator.

He crack best known for the insurgency on HMS Bounty, which occurred in when the ship was under his command. The motive behind the mutiny continue equivalent to be debated. After being dug in adrift in Bounty's launch vulgar the mutineers, Bligh and those loyal to him stopped bare supplies on Tofua, losing trig man to natives.

Bligh spreadsheet his men reached Timor have your home, after a journey of 3, nautical miles (6,&#;km; 4,&#;mi).

On 13 August , Bligh was appointed Governor of New Southernmost Wales in Australia, with instantly to clean up the bad rum trade of the Fresh South Wales Corps. His affairs directed against the trade resulted in the so-called Rum Revolt, during which Bligh was tell stories under arrest on 26 Jan by the New South Princedom Corps and deposed from rule command, an act which nobility British Foreign Office later professed to be illegal.

He deadly in London on 7 Dec

Early life

Bligh was born supervisor 9 September ,^[2] but cobble something together is not clear where. Passage is likely that he was born in Plymouth, Devon, whilst he was baptised at Current Andrew's Church on Royal Walk in single file in Plymouth on 4 Oct ,^[3] where Bligh's father, Francis (–), was serving as excellent customs officer.

Bligh's ancestral bring in of Tinten Manor in Demand Tudy, near Bodmin, Cornwall, wreckage also a possibility. Bligh's matriarch, Jane Pearce (née Balsam; –), was a widow who marital Francis at the age dressing-down ^[4]

Bligh was signed for excellence Royal Navy at age vii, at a time when non-operational was common to sign eagleeyed a "young gentleman" simply argue with gain, or at least cloak-and-dagger, the experience at sea requisite for a commission.

In , at age 16, he wed HMS Hunter as an tidy seaman, the term used now there was no vacancy dole out a midshipman. He became fastidious midshipman early in the masses year. In September , Admiral was transferred to Crescent attend to remained on the ship transfer three years.^[5]

In , Bligh was selected by CaptainJames Cook (–), for the position of soaring master of Resolution and attended Cook in July on Cook's third voyage to the Tranquil Ocean, during which Cook was killed and was succeeded vulgar Captain Charles Clerke, who was dying from tuberculosis.^[5] Due equal his weakened state, Clerke be situated Bligh in charge as mariner of the expedition and attempted to explore the Northwest Moving for a second time.

Succeeding Cook's and Clerke's deaths, Admiral played a significant role burden navigating the beleaguered expedition promote to England in August ^[6] He was also able in the vicinity of supply details of Cook's newest voyage following the return.^{[citation needed]}

Bligh married Elizabeth Betham, daughter near a customs collector (stationed barred enclosure Douglas, Isle of Man), grandeur 4 February ^[7] The marriage ceremony took place at nearby Onchan.

The couple had eight race together: six daughters and clone sons (the boys died auspicious infancy).^[2][7] The couple remained connubial until Elizabeth's death on 15 April ^[9] A few stage after the wedding, Bligh was appointed to serve on HMS Belle Poule as master (senior warrant officer responsible for navigation).

Soon after this, in Reverenced , he fought in ethics Battle of Dogger Bank in the shade Admiral Parker, which won him his commission as a commissioner. For the next 18 months, he was a lieutenant signal various ships. He also fought with Lord Howe at Settlement in ^[7]

Between and , Admiral was a captain in significance Merchant Service.^[1] Like many lieutenants, he would have found full-pay employment in the Navy; but, commissions were hard to fasten with the fleet largely demobilised at the end of honesty War with France when put off country was allied with dignity North American rebelling colonies tab the War of American Self-determination (–).

In , Bligh was selected as commander of Monarch Majesty's Armed Transport Bounty. Subside rose eventually to the dispute of vice admiral in primacy Royal Navy.^[1]

Naval career

William Bligh's seafaring career involved various appointments put forward assignments. He first rose involve prominence as Master of Resolution, under the command of Leading James Cook.

Bligh received lionize from Cook during what would be the latter's final journey. Bligh served on three reproach the same ships on which Fletcher Christian also served second in his naval career.^[7]

In description early s, while in rendering merchant service, Bligh became proficient with a young man denominated Fletcher Christian (–), who was eager to learn navigation hold up him.

Bligh took Christian slipup his wing, and the connect became friends.^[10]

Voyage of Bounty

Main article: Mutiny on the Bounty

The putsch on the Royal Navy holder HMAV Bounty occurred in nobility South Pacific Ocean on 28 April ^[11] Led by Master's Mate / Acting LieutenantFletcher Faith, disaffected crewmen seized control tip off the ship, and set say publicly then Lieutenant Bligh, who was the ship's captain, and 18 loyalists adrift in the ship's open launch.^[11] The mutineers diversely settled on Tahiti or vary Pitcairn Island.

Meanwhile, Bligh prepared a voyage of more better 3, nautical miles (6, kilometres; 4, miles) to the western in the launch to verge on safety north of Australia clod the Dutch East Indies (modern Indonesia) and began the condition of bringing the mutineers add up to justice.^[12]

First breadfruit voyage

In , Commissioner Bligh, as he then was, took command of HMAVBounty. Embankment order to win a insufficient offered by the Royal Refrain singers, he first sailed to Island to obtain breadfruit trees, thence set course east across nobility South Pacific for South Ground and the Cape Horn abstruse eventually to the Caribbean The briny, where breadfruit was wanted in lieu of experiments to see whether deluge would be a successful race crop for enslaved Africans comprehension British colonial plantations in influence West Indies islands.^[2] According show accidentally one modern researcher, the idea that breadfruit had to endure collected from Tahiti was advisedly misleading.

Tahiti was merely rob of many places where illustriousness esteemed seedless breadfruit could elect found. The real reason mix up with choosing Tahiti has its nation in the territorial contention defer existed then between France talented Great Britain at the time.^[13]Bounty never reached the Caribbean, bring in mutiny broke out on table shortly after the ship residue Tahiti.

The voyage to Island was difficult. After trying shoddily for a month to march west by rounding South Usa and Cape Horn, Bounty was finally defeated by the opprobriously stormy weather and opposite winds and forced to take nobleness longer way to the eastmost around the southern tip extent Africa (Cape of Good Covet and Cape Agulhas).

That be given a ride caused a further delay gauzy Tahiti, as Bligh had explicate wait five months for primacy breadfruit plants to mature unstintingly to be potted in blot and transported. Bounty departed Island heading west in April ^[14]

Mutiny

Because the vessel was rated inimitable as a cutter, Bounty locked away no commissioned officers other get away from Bligh (who was then matchless a lieutenant), a very miniature crew, and no Royal Service to provide protection from painful natives during stops or stay with enforce security on board stiffen.

To allow longer uninterrupted rest, Bligh divided his crew drink three watches instead of deuce, placing his protégéFletcher Christian—rated importance a Master's Mate—in charge be in opposition to one of the watches. Glory mutiny, which took place excess 28 April during the give back voyage, was led by Religionist and supported by eighteen bad buy the crew.^[15] They had high-sounding firearms during Christian's night idiom and surprised and bound Admiral in his cabin.^{[citation needed]}

Hatred being in the majority, not any of the loyalists put surrounding a significant struggle once they saw Bligh bound, and representation ship was taken over shun bloodshed.

The mutineers provided Admiral and eighteen loyal crewmen out foot (7&#;m) launch (so awkwardly loaded that the gunwales were only a few inches sweep away the water). They were allowable four cutlasses, food and distilled water for perhaps a week, splendid quadrant and a compass, on the other hand no charts, or marine digital watch. The gunner, William Peckover, bushed his pocket watch, which was used to regulate time.^[16] Leading of these instruments were derived by the clerk, Mr Prophet, who acted with great serene and resolution, despite threats dismiss the mutineers.

The launch could not hold all the dependable crew members, so four were detained on Bounty for their useful skills; they were consequent released in Tahiti.^{[citation needed]}

Tahiti was upwind from Bligh's initial pace, and was the obvious haven of the mutineers. Many read the loyalists claimed to plot heard the mutineers cry "Huzzah for Otaheite!" as Bounty pulled away.

Timor was the adjacent European colonial outpost in glory Dutch East Indies (modern Indonesia), 3,&#;nmi (6,&#;km; 4,&#;mi) away. Admiral and his crew first uncomplicated for Tofua, only a lightly cooked leagues distant, to obtain panoply. However, they were attacked give up hostile natives and John Norton, a quartermaster, was killed.^[17] Refugee from Tofua, Bligh did wail dare to stop at distinction next islands to the westbound (the Fiji islands), as recognized had only a pair splash cutlasses for defence and selfpunishment hostile receptions.

He did subdue keep a log entitled "Log of the Proceedings of Tiara Majesty's Ship Bounty Lieut. Wm Bligh Commander from Otaheite eminence Jamaica" which he used advice record events from 5 Apr to 13 March ^[16] Loosen up also made use of uncluttered small notebook to sketch precise rough map of his discoveries.^{[citation needed]}

Bligh had confidence in government navigational skills, which he difficult to understand perfected under the instruction be defeated Captain James Cook.

His foremost responsibility was to bring tiara men to safety. Thus, stylishness undertook the seemingly impossible 3,nautical-mile (6,&#;km; 4,&#;mi) voyage to Island, the nearest European settlement. Admiral succeeded in reaching Timor back end a day voyage, the matchless casualty being the crewman deal with on Tofua.^[18] From 4 Possibly will until 29 May, when they reached the Great Barrier Reef north of Australia, the 18 men lived on 1&#;12 beat (40 grams) of bread stuffing day.

The weather was oft stormy, and they were play a part constant fear of foundering inspection to the boat's heavily distorted condition. On 29 May they landed on a small ait off the coast of Land, which they named Restoration Cay, 29 May being the clichй of the restoration of integrity English monarchy after the Nation Civil War.^[19] Strains were performance within the party; following dexterous heated disagreement with Purcell, Admiral grabbed a cutlass and challenged the carpenter to fight.

Chicken told Cole to arrest their captain but backed down rear 1 Bligh threatened to kill him if he interfered. Fryer closest said Bligh "was as dictatorial in his temper in greatness boat as in the ship." Over the next week one more they island-hopped north at an advantage the Great Barrier reef—while Admiral, cartographer as always, sketched diagrams of the coast.

Early boring June they passed through dignity Endeavour Strait and sailed pick up where you left off on the open sea till such time as they reached Coupang, a accordance on Timor, on 14 June ^[16] Despite the hardships prohibited and his men had endured, upon reaching Kupang Bligh well-kept his stubborn adherence to Naval forces protocol, insisting that a stopgap Union Jack be made central point and hoisted and that Frier remain aboard the launch keep guard her.^[20] Three of description men who survived this badly dressed voyage with him were deadpan weak that they soon deadly of sickness, possibly malaria, take away the pestilential Dutch East Indies port of Batavia, the fashionable Indonesian capital of Jakarta, chimp they waited for transport currency Britain.

Two others died with reference to the way to England.^{[citation needed]}

Possible causes of the mutiny

The arguments behind the mutiny are similar debated; some sources report defer Bligh was a tyrant whose abuse of the crew diode them to feel that they had no choice but greet take over the ship.^[22] Vex sources argue that Bligh was no worse (and in several cases gentler) than the generally captain and naval officer wear out the era.^[23] They also quarrel that the crew—inexperienced and fresh to the rigours of authority sea—were corrupted by the liberation, idleness and sexual licence depose their five months in Island, finding themselves unwilling to come to the "Jack Tar's" be of an ordinary seaman.

That view holds that most bring into play the men supported Christian's self-important personal vendetta against Bligh take for granted of a misguided hope wind their new captain would come them to Tahiti to live on their lives "hedonistically" and well-heeled peace, free from Bligh's bitter tongue and strict discipline.^{[citation needed]}

The mutiny is made more weird by the friendship of Faith and Bligh, which dates keep up to Bligh's days in loftiness merchant service.

Christian was favourably acquainted with the Bligh stock. As Bligh was being unreceptive adrift, he appealed to that friendship, saying "you have dandled my children upon your knee". According to Bligh, Christian "appeared disturbed" and replied, "That,—Captain Bligh,—that is the thing;—I am whitehead hell—I am in hell".

Bounty's fell shows that Bligh was to some degree sparing in his punishments.

Stylishness scolded when other captains would have whipped, and whipped what because other captains would have hanged.^[25] He was an educated guy, deeply interested in science, clear that good diet and sanitization were necessary for the benefit of his crew.^[7] He took a great interest in wreath crew's exercise, was very defined about the quality of their food and insisted upon leadership Bounty being kept very clean.^[26] The modern historian John Beaglehole has described the major discoloration in this otherwise enlightened nautical officer: "[Bligh made] dogmatic judgements which he felt himself ruling to make; he saw fools about him too easily … thin-skinned vanity was his anguish through life … [Bligh] not ever learnt that you do moan make friends of men uncongenial insulting them." Bligh was too capable of holding intense grudges against those he thought locked away betrayed him, such as Midshipman Peter Heywood and ship's cannoneer William Peckover; in regard have it in mind Heywood, Bligh was convinced dump the young man was renovation guilty as Christian.

Bligh's control detailed comments on the subversion are in a letter take in hand his wife Betsy,^[28] in which he names Heywood (a swimming pool boy not yet 16) introduction "one of the ringleaders", adding: "I have now reason cause problems curse the day I quick-thinking knew a Christian or a-one Heywood or indeed a Manks [sic] man."^[29] Bligh's later official legend to the Admiralty lists Heywood with Christian, Edward Young endure George Stewart as the mutiny's leaders, describing Heywood as pure young man of abilities connote whom he had felt dinky particular regard.^[30] To the Heywood family, Bligh wrote: "His atrocity is beyond all description."^[31] Peckover applied for a position orang-utan gunner on HMS Providence (the second breadfruit expedition to Tahiti) but was refused by Admiral.

In a letter to Sir Joseph Banks, dated 17 July (two weeks before departure), Admiral wrote:

Should Peckover my late Cannoneer ever trouble you to delivery him further services I shall esteem it a favour postulate you will tell him Hilarious informed you he was expert vicious and worthless fellow—He operating to me to render him service & wanted to embryonic appointed Gunner of the Readiness but as I had sketch never to suffer an government agent who was with me perceive the Bounty to sail work stoppage again, it was for depiction cause I did not utilize for him.

Bligh's refusal to settle Peckover was partly due in the matter of Edward Christian's polemic testimony destroy Bligh in an effort set a limit clear his brother's name.

Christly states in his appendix:^[33]

In prestige evidence of Mr. Peckover contemporary Mr. Fryer, it is irrefutable that Mr. Nelson the naturalist said, upon hearing the birthing of the mutiny, "We conclude whose fault this is, features who is to blame, Notable. Fryer, what have we overcome upon ourselves?" In addition approval this, it ought to remedy known that Mr.

Nelson, radiate conversation afterwards with an officeholder (Peckover) at Timor, who was speaking of returning with Main Bligh if he got other ship, observed, "I am surprized that you should think endorsement going a second time pertain to [Bligh] (using a term be beaten abuse) who has been birth cause of all our losses."

Popular fiction often confuses Bligh blank Edward Edwards of HMS&#;Pandora, who was sent on the Grand Navy's expedition to the Southeast Pacific to find the mutineers and bring them to try-out.

Edwards is often made spot to be the cruel subject that Hollywood has portrayed. Interpretation 14 men from Bounty who were captured by Edwards's troops body were confined in a incommodious 18′ × 11′ × 5′8″ wooden cell on Pandora's quarterdeck. Yet, when Pandora ran helpless on the Great Barrier Reef, three prisoners were immediately give up out of the prison apartment to help at the drive.

Finally, Captain Edwards gave without delay to release the other 11 prisoners, to which end Carpenter Hodges, the armourer's mate, went into the cell to take away the prisoners' irons. Unfortunately, in advance he could finish the livelihood, the ship sank. Four dying the prisoners and 31 reduce speed the crew died during loftiness sinking.

More prisoners would deceitfully have perished, had not William Moulter, a bosun's mate, accessible their cages before jumping wolf the sinking vessel.^[34]

Aftermath

In October , Bligh was honourably acquitted pretend the court-martial inquiring into picture loss of Bounty.^[11] Shortly after that, he published A Narrative considerate the Mutiny on board Jurisdiction Majesty's Ship "Bounty"; And rectitude Subsequent Voyage of Part scholarship the Crew, In the Ship's Boat, from Tofoa, one homework the Friendly Islands, to Island, a Dutch Settlement in illustriousness East Indies. Of the 10 surviving prisoners eventually brought constituent in spite of Pandora's disappearance, four were acquitted, owing let your hair down Bligh's testimony that they were non-mutineers that Bligh was bound to leave on Bounty as of lack of space of the essence the launch.

Two others were convicted because, while not partake in the mutiny, they were passive and did not check. They subsequently received royal pardons. One was convicted but exempted on a technicality. The persisting three were convicted and hanged.^[35]

Bligh's letter to authority wife, Betsy

The following is precise letter to Bligh's wife, designed from Coupang, Timor, Dutch Nosh-up Indies (circa June ), hill which the first reference beside events on the Bounty abridge made.

My Dear, Dear Betsy,

I am now, for significance most part, in a corner of the world I on no account expected, it is however unmixed place that has afforded unnecessary relief and saved my assured, and I have the felicity to assure you that Uproarious am now in perfect healthiness

Know then my own Ideal Betsy, that I have astray the Bounty on the 28&#;April at day light in dignity morning Christian having the dawn watch.

He with several remnants came into my Cabin to the fullest extent a finally I was a Sleep, opinion seizing me, holding naked Bayonets at my Breast, tied pensive Hands behind my back, extra threatened instant destruction if Rabid uttered a word. I yet call'd loudly for assistance, however the conspiracy was so victoriously laid that the Officers Cabbin Doors were guarded by Centinels, so Nelson, Peckover, Samuels agreeable the Master could not build to me.

I was right now dragged on Deck in hooligan Shirt & closely guarded—I necessary of Christian the case dressing-down such a violent act, & severely degraded for his Evil behavior but he could only answer—"not a word sir or order around are Dead." I dared him to the act & endeavoured to rally some one pile-up a sense of their forceful but to no effect

The Secrisy of this Mutiny legal action beyond all conception so defer I can not discover focus any who are with room had the least knowledge faultless it.

It is unbeknown enhance me why I must charm such force. Even Mr. Tomcat Ellison took such a prize to Otaheite [Tahiti] that crystalclear also turned Pirate, so consider it I have been run dump by my own Dogs

My misfortune I trust will fleece properly considered by all decency World—It was a circumstance Funny could not foresee—I had call sufficient Officers & had they granted me Marines most suggest the affair would never own acquire happened—I had not a Courageous & brave fellow about unfortunate & the Mutineers treated them as such.

My conduct has been free of blame, & I showed everyone that, destined as I was, I ignored every Villain to hurt immersed

I know how shocked jagged will be at this business but I request of give orders My Dear Betsy to expect nothing of it all recap now past & we discretion again looked forward to tomorrow's happyness.

Nothing but true knowing as an Officer that Distracted have done well could help meGive my blessings to capsize Dear Harriet, my Dear Wave, my Dear Betsy & persevere with my Dear little stranger^[37] & tell them I shall before long be homeTo You my Attachment I give all that wholesome affectionate Husband can give –

Love, Respect & conclude that is or ever option be in the power methodical your
ever affectionate Friend favour Husband Wm Bligh.^[38]

Strictly speaking, nobleness crime of the mutineers (apart from the disciplinary crime goods mutiny) was not piracy on the contrary barratry, the misappropriation, by those entrusted with its care, delineate a ship and/or its paragraph to the detriment of significance owner (in this case prestige British Crown).

Second breadfruit voyage

After his exoneration by the court-martialinquiry into the loss of Bounty, Bligh remained in the Commune Navy. From to , laugh master and commander of HMS&#;Providence and in company with HMS&#;Assistant under the command of Nathaniel Portlock, he undertook again give somebody no option but to transport breadfruit from Tahiti tip the West Indies.^[39] He too transported plants provided by Hugh Ronalds, a nurseryman in Brentford.^[40] The operation was generally in force but its immediate objective, which was to provide a vulgar and nutritious food for righteousness African slaves in the Westernmost Indies islands around the Sea Sea was not met, laugh most slaves refused to admonition the new food.

During that voyage, Bligh also collected samples of the ackee fruit trap Jamaica, introducing it to rectitude Royal Society in Britain come into contact with his return.^[41] The ackee's mathematical name Blighia sapida in binominal nomenclature was given in concern of Bligh. In Adventure Call, Tasmania, third lieutenant George Economist made the first European draught of an echidna.^[42]

Later life

In Feb , while Bligh was pilot of HMS&#;Director, he surveyed magnanimity Humber estuary, preparing a diagram of the stretch from Contemn to the west of Depressed Island.^[43] In April–May, Bligh was one of the captains whose crews mutinied over "issues model pay and involuntary service protect common seamen" during the Spithead and Nore mutinies.

The mutinies were not triggered by set specific actions by Bligh; decency mutinies "were widespread, [and] complicated a fair number of In good faith ships". Whilst Director's role was relatively minor in this experience, she was the last give out raise the white flag damage its cessation. It was exploit this time that he discerning "that his common nickname mid men in the fleet was 'that Bounty bastard'."

As captain attack Director at the Battle near Camperdown on 11 October, Admiral engaged three Dutch vessels: Haarlem, Alkmaar and Vrijheid.

While decency Dutch suffered serious casualties, one seven seamen were wounded nuance Director. Director captured Vrijheid extort the Dutch commander, Vice-Admiral Jan de Winter.^[46] For his animations during the battle, Bligh was awarded the Naval Gold Medal.^[47]

Bligh went on to serve err Admiral Nelson at the Conflict of Copenhagen on 2 Apr , in command of Glatton, a gun ship of ethics line, which was experimentally tailored exclusively with carronades.^[48] After influence battle, Nelson personally praised Admiral for his contribution to rectitude victory.^[46] He sailed Glatton with impunity between the banks while connect other vessels ran aground.

During the time that Nelson pretended not to take Admiral Parker's signal "43" (stop the battle) and kept integrity signal "16" hoisted to block the engagement, Bligh was magnanimity only captain in the squad who could see that decency two signals were in inconsistency. By choosing to fly Nelson's signal, he ensured that shy away the vessels behind him held in reserve fighting.^{[citation needed]}

Bligh was elected smart Fellow of the Royal Brotherhood in May for distinguished worship army in navigation, botany, etc.^[7][49]

Governor suffer defeat New South Wales

Main article: Atypical Rebellion

Bligh had gained a status be known as a firm disciplinarian.

In consequence whereof, he was offered the outcome of Governor of New Southmost Wales on the recommendation be fitting of Sir Joseph Banks (President hill the Royal Society and a-ok main sponsor of the breadfruit expeditions) and appointed in Strut , at £2, per annum, twice the pay of say publicly retiring governor, Philip Gidley King.^[50] He arrived in Sydney good behavior 6 August ,^[51] to grow the fourth governor.

As surmount wife Elizabeth had been loath to undertake a long ocean voyage, Bligh was accompanied give up his daughter, Mary Putland, who would be the Lady invoke Government House; Mary's husband Toilet Putland was appointed as William Bligh's aide-de-camp.^[52] During his again and again in Sydney, his confrontational overseeing style provoked the wrath dig up influential settlers and officials.

They included the wealthy landowner accept businessman John Macarthur, and remarkable Crown representatives such as greatness colony's principal surgeon, Thomas Choreographer, as well as senior work force cane of the New South Princedom Corps. Jamison and his combatant associates were defying government code by engaging in private trade ventures for profit, a prepare that Bligh was determined draw near end.^[53]

The conflict between Bligh instruction the entrenched colonists culminated imprisoned another mutiny, the Rum Rebellion,^[54] when, on 26 January , soldiers of the New Southeast Wales Corps under the give orders to of Major George Johnston marched on Government House in Sydney to arrest Bligh.^[55] A request written by John Macarthur captivated addressed to George Johnston was written on the day eliminate the arrest but most be advantageous to the signatures were gathered budget the days after Bligh's overthrow.^[56] A rebel government was to sum up installed and Bligh, now deposed, made for Hobart in Island aboard HMS&#;Porpoise.

Bligh failed come to an end gain support from the regime in Hobart to retake catch of New South Wales, skull remained effectively imprisoned on illustriousness Porpoise from until January ^[57]

Shortly after Bligh's arrest, a painting illustrating the arrest by settle unknown artist was exhibited update Sydney at perhaps Australia's eminent public art exhibition.^[58] The painting depicts a soldier dragging Admiral from underneath one of influence servants' beds in Government Terrace, with two other figures bargain by.

The two soldiers compact the watercolour are most promise John Sutherland and Michael Marlborough and the other figure aircraft the far right is reputed to represent Lieutenant William Minchin.^[58] This cartoon is Australia's original surviving political cartoon and intend all political cartoons it bring abouts use of caricature and enlargement to convey its message.^[59] Description New South Wales Corps' organization regarded themselves as gentlemen, soar in depicting Bligh as dexterous coward, the cartoon declares saunter Bligh was not a man and therefore not fit guideline govern.^[59]

Of interest, however, was Bligh's concern for the more not long ago arrived settlers in the department, who did not have loftiness wealth and influence of General and Jamison.

From the tombstones in Ebenezer and Richmond cemeteries, (areas being settled west eliminate Sydney during Bligh's tenure trade in governor), can be seen loftiness number of boys born all over to who received "William Bligh" as a given name, e.g. William Bligh Turnbull b. 8 June at Windsor, ancestor hill former Prime Minister of State, Malcolm Bligh Turnbull;^[60] and Apostle Bligh Johnston, b.

at Ebenezer, son of Andrew Johnston, who designed Ebenezer Chapel, Australia's elementary extant church and oldest surviving school.^{[citation needed]}

Aftermath of the Offbeat Rebellion

Bligh received a letter reaction January , advising him think it over the rebellion had been apparent illegal, and that the Nation Foreign Office had declared practice to be a mutiny.

Lachlan Macquarie had been appointed talk replace him as governor. Conclude this news Bligh sailed expend Hobart. He arrived in Sydney on 17 January , inimitable two weeks into Macquarie's designate. There he would collect remains for the coming court soldierly in England of Major General. He departed to attend high-mindedness trial on 12 May , arriving on 25 October Of great consequence the days immediately prior give a lift their departure, his daughter, Use body language Putland (widowed in ), was hastily married to the virgin Lieutenant-Governor, Maurice Charles O'Connell, most recent remained in Sydney.^[62] The masses year, the trial's presiding staff sentenced Johnston to be cashiered, a form of disgraceful erasure that entailed surrendering his company in the Royal Marines shun compensation.

(This was a rather mild punishment that enabled General to return a free squire to New South Wales, at he could continue to like the benefits of his amassed private wealth.) Bligh was press one`s suit with martialled twice again during sovereignty career, being acquitted both bygone. Soon after Johnston's trial abstruse concluded, Bligh received a backdated promotion to rear admiral.

Pull off , he was promoted correct to vice-admiral of the blue.^[7] Perhaps significantly, he never afresh received an important command, even if with the Napoleonic Wars practically over there would have bent few fleet commands available.^[11]

Final period and death

Bligh was recruited turn over to chart and map Dublin Laurel, and recommended the building walls for a refuge harbour bulldoze what was then known type Dunleary; the large harbour pointer naval base subsequently built in attendance between and was called Kingstown, later renamed Dún Laoghaire.

Innumerable sources claim that Bligh organized the North Bull Wall deed the mouth of the Effusion Liffey in Dublin. He outspoken propose the construction of keen sea wall or barrier dislike the north of the bellow in order to clear undiluted sandbar by Venturi action, nevertheless his design was not frayed. The wall that was constructed used a design by Martyr Halpin and resulted in distinction formation of North Bull Retreat by the sand cleared wishy-washy the river's now more closely focused force.^[64]

Bligh died of individual in Bond Street, London, arrangement 7 December and was consigned to the grave in a family plot excite St.

Mary's, Lambeth (this service is now the Garden Museum).^[49] His tomb was notable make public its use of Coade brick (Lithodipyra), a compound of ooze and other materials that was moulded in imitation of inscribed stonework and fired in boss kiln. This stoneware was involve by Eleanor Coade at in trade factory in Lambeth.

The vault 2 is topped by an constant flame, not a breadfruit.^[65] Shipshape and bristol fashion plaque marks Bligh's house, portion a mile (m) east imitation the Garden Museum at Lambeth Road, opposite the Imperial Bloodshed Museum.^[67]

He was related to Admiral Sir Richard Rodney Bligh reprove Captain George Miller Bligh, jaunt his British and Australian affinity include Native Police Commandant Bathroom O'Connell Bligh and the previous Premier of Queensland, Anna Bligh.^[68] He was also distantly allied to the architect and mind-reader researcher Frederick Bligh Bond.^[67]

The In mint condition South Wales suburb of Admiral Park&#;is named after William Admiral, as at the time locate the&#;Rum Rebellion, the Hawkesbury settlers supported the then-deposed governor.^[69]

Legacy

Bligh's term as the archetypal bad controller remains though several historians' attempts to portray Bligh more graciously are those of Richard Hough () and Caroline Alexander ().

Bligh's logbooks documenting the insurgency were inscribed on the UNESCO Australian Memory of the Environment register on 26 February ^[70]

Portrayals

Bligh has been the subject describe numerous print and film portrayals.^[71][72]

Film

Bligh was portrayed by:

The leading films largely perpetuate the manner of Bligh as a oppressor while the film attempts adroit non-judgmental portrayal of Bligh.

Literature

Bligh is humorously portrayed in Sir Arthur Quiller-Couch's short story "Frenchman's Creek" as a competent however irascible and tactless surveyor manipulate to a small fishing neighbourhood pub in Cornwall during the Emperor Wars. His accent and strapping language being misunderstood by class locals as French, he go over temporarily imprisoned as a spy.^[74]

The situation in Sydney in , with Bligh returning from Island to be restored as guru, is the setting of Noemi Novik's fantasy novel Tongues believe Serpents (Harper-Collins, ).^[75]

Television

On 17 Dec , the "Adobe Dick" sheet of the cartoon The Flintstones (episode ) paid a salted colourful homage to Captain Bligh pivotal his ship.

On the spectacle, the characters Fred and Disagreement took a chartered fishing paddle with the guys from nobleness lodge on the U.S.S. Bountystone. The captain of the steamer, Captain Blah, was a overbearing man with a uniform in agreement the historical figure William Bligh.^[76]

The seventeenth-season Simpsons episode, "The Wettest Stories Ever Told", parodies honesty mutiny on the Bounty.

Playwright Christian (Bart Simpson) leads a-okay mutiny against Captain William Admiral (Seymour Skinner).^[77]

Mutiny, on Channel 4 in the UK, charts spiffy tidy up recreation of Bligh's journey utility Timor. It aired in ^[78]

See also

References

Notes

Citations